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A machine tool (or machine tools) is a tool (machine) used for finishing or shaping materials. In the engineering and industrial field, that is the industrial or hand-made sheet metal working, machine tools are devised to carry out various operations: bending, shearing, punching, cutting, notching, panel system, etc...
Why "machine" tools? They are called machines as their power supply is artificial, other than human or animal source. They can be divided into electric machine tools (whose movement derives from powerful electric motors and a mechanical system) and hydraulic machine tools, that are activated by powerful hydraulic motors.
The lathe is regarded as one of the first machine tools, invented by Jacques de Vaucanson (dating from the mid-eighteenth century), as he was the first to build this cutting tool on a mechanically adjustable holding device.
Machine tools are classified according to the kind of motion carried out during the sheet metal working:
* machine tools with circular motion (drill, boring mill, lathe)
* machine tools with rectilinear alternate motion (surface grinder, shaper, slotter)
* machine tools with special motion (grinding wheel, broaching machine)
* machine tools with variable motion (latest generation of machine tools)
Machine tools can also be classified according to the setting of the piece and the tool, depending on the workpiece being fixed or not. Shaper, slotter).
Another more general way of classifying machine tools is according to the manufacture that can be obtained with the different types of machines:
* Special machine
* High-production machine
* Combined machine: a group of special machines that work on a piece fixed on a platform
* Transfer machine: comprises various stations and the piece goes from one machine to another according to the manufacture needed
* Universal machine
Used machine tools informations:
